Which type of stability is referred to as roll stability?

Lateral stability is the type of stability associated with roll stability in an aircraft. This aspect of stability pertains to the aircraft's ability to maintain or return to its original position following a disturbance that causes it to roll. When lateral stability is present, the aircraft can resist unwanted rolling motions and tends to return to level flight after being displaced.

In the context of aerodynamics, lateral stability is influenced by several factors, including wing design, dihedral angle, and the positioning of control surfaces like ailerons. The wings can generate moments that counteract rolls, helping the aircraft maintain level flight when disturbed by factors such as wind shear or turbulence.

Understanding this concept is crucial for pilots, as it directly relates to the handling characteristics of the airplane during flight. Thus, lateral stability is essential for maintaining control during maneuvers and ensuring a smooth flight experience.