What occurs when an aircraft exceeds its critical angle of attack?

When an aircraft exceeds its critical angle of attack, it stalls and loses lift. The critical angle of attack is defined as the angle at which the airfoil reaches its maximum lift capability. Beyond this angle, airflow can no longer smoothly adhere to the wing's upper surface, leading to a dramatic decrease in lift.

During a stall, the airflow separates from the wing, resulting in a significant increase in drag and a loss of the aerodynamic efficiency that allows the aircraft to maintain controlled flight. This situation can lead to a rapid descent if not corrected, making it crucial for pilots to recognize and manage their angle of attack within safe limits during flight.

Understanding the implications of exceeding the critical angle of attack is vital for effective flight training and safety, as it directly relates to an aircraft's performance and handling characteristics during different flight maneuvers.