What is the primary hazard associated with wingtip vortices?

The primary hazard associated with wingtip vortices is induced roll. Wingtip vortices are swirling air patterns that occur at the tips of an aircraft's wings as a result of lift generation. When an aircraft generates lift, high-pressure air from beneath the wings flows around the tips to the low-pressure area above, creating rotational currents known as vortices.

These vortices can be particularly hazardous for following aircraft, especially smaller ones, as they may encounter these turbulent air currents during takeoff or landing phases when they are close to the ground and at lower speeds. The induced roll can cause the following aircraft to experience uncommanded rolling moments, which can lead to loss of control if the pilot is not prepared for such turbulence.

Understanding the impact of wingtip vortices and taking appropriate precautions, such as maintaining safe separation distances during flight operations, is essential for ensuring aircraft safety, particularly in busy airspace environments or during operations at airports.